![]() In some cases, the outside skin can support all or a major portion of the flight loads.These upgrades streamlined shape and increased performance.As designs progressed these structures were enclosed, first with cloth and eventually with metals.Stringers and bulkheads, or formers, are added to shape the fuselage and support the covering.Additional struts are needed to resist stress that can come from any direction.Vertical and horizontal struts are welded to the longerons and give the structure a square or rectangular shape when viewed from the end.Lengths of tubing, called longerons, are welded in place to form a wellbraced framework.In this construction method, strength and rigidity are obtained by joining tubing (steel or aluminum) to produce a series of triangular shapes, called trusses.The construction of aircraft fuselages evolved from the early wood truss structural arrangements to monocoque shell structures to the current semi-monocoque shell structures.The fuselage is designed to accommodate the crew, passengers, cargo, instruments, and other essential equipment.The fuselage is the principal structural unit of an aircraft.Pilot Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge,.
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